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Category Article Pets Animals Optic neuritis
Category Article Pets Animals Optic neuritis 
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Definition Optic neuritis is inflammation of the intraocular or intra orbital optic nerve. It may be a manifestation of systemic illness. Etiology Causes include idiopathic, immune mediated, infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic disorders. Pathophysiology Optic neuritis is more of clinical syndrome than a single disease. Inflammation of the nerve or adjacent tissue causes damage to the optic nerve axons, vision loss, and optic nerve atrophy. Clinical presentation The optic disc appears swollen with the peripapillary retina displaying evidence of Retinal Detachment (RD) . Retinal and optics disc hemorrhages may be present. A vitreal haze may be present. The pupil is fixed and dilated and vision is absent. Differential diagnosis Intra orbital optic neuritis must be differentiated from glaucoma, Retinal Detachment (RD) , cataracts, sudden acquired retinal degeneration (SARD), a retinal disease associated with sudden blindness and elevated intraocular glutamate. Diagnosis Diagnosis is based on elimination of possible causes, a CBC, serum chemistry profile, urinalysis, screening for infectious disease, heartworm antigen test, thoracic radiography and analysis of the CSF Management Oral corticosteroids are the drugs of choice in idiophatic cases. However, many cases relapse. Tags: Article Pets Animals Optic neuritis |
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